Likya’n\u0131n ba\u015fkenti olan bu site, \u00f6zellikle mezarl\u0131k sanat\u0131nda Likya geleneklerinin ve Helenik etkinin harman\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Epigrafik yaz\u0131tlar, Likya halk\u0131n\u0131n tarihini ve Hint-Avrupa dilini anlamam\u0131z i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n K\u0131sa sentez <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Anadolu’nun g\u00fcneybat\u0131 kesiminde, s\u0131ras\u0131yla Antalya<\/a> ve Mu\u011fla illeri s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde bulunan iki kom\u015fu yerle\u015fimden olu\u015fan Xanthos-Letoon<\/a>, dikkat \u00e7ekici bir arkeolojik yap\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0Anadolu’da Demir \u00c7a\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerinden biri olan antik Likya Uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n en e\u015fsiz mimari \u00f6rne\u011fini temsil eder.\u00a0\u0130ki b\u00f6lge, Anadolu, Yunan, Roma ve Bizans uygarl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcreklili\u011fini ve e\u015fsiz birle\u015fimini \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bi\u00e7imde g\u00f6stermektedir.\u00a0Ayr\u0131ca Xanthos-Letoon’da Likya dilinde en \u00f6nemli metinlerin bulundu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0Sitede kayaya veya b\u00fcy\u00fck ta\u015f s\u00fctunlara kaz\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olan yaz\u0131tlar, Likya halk\u0131n\u0131n tarihini ve Hint-Avrupa dilini daha iyi anlamak i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Antik Likya’n\u0131n ba\u015fkenti olan Xanthos, \u00f6zellikle mezar sanat\u0131nda Likya geleneklerinin Hellen etkisi ile harmanland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.\u00a0Xanthos’ta bulunan kaya mezarlar\u0131, s\u00fctun mezarlar\u0131 ve s\u00fctunlara monte lahitler antik mezar mimarisinin e\u015fsiz \u00f6rnekleridir.\u00a0De\u011ferleri Antik \u00c7a\u011fda \u00e7oktan tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve kom\u015fu illerin sanat\u0131n\u0131 etkilediler: Halikarnas Mozolesi, \u00f6rne\u011fin Xanthos Nereid An\u0131t\u0131’ndan do\u011frudan etkilendi.\u00a0Harpy An\u0131t\u0131, Payava T\u00fcrbesi ve Nereid An\u0131t\u0131 da dahil olmak \u00fczere, 19. y\u00fczy\u0131lda sitelerin baz\u0131 mimari <\/a>ve heykel par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n \u0130ngiltere’ye g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olmas\u0131, kelime geni\u015fli\u011finde tan\u0131nmas\u0131na neden oldu ve sonu\u00e7 olarak Xanthos mermerleri, antik sanat ve mimarl\u0131k tarihinin \u00f6nemli bir par\u00e7as\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Xanthos Nehri’nin do\u011fusunda (E\u015fen \u00c7ay\u0131), ilk an\u0131tsal b\u00f6lge Hellenistik ve Bizans d\u00f6nemlerinde yeniden d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f olan eski Likya Akropol\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7ermektedir. O s\u0131rada kuzeydo\u011fu k\u00f6\u015fesinde bir kilise in\u015fa edilmi\u015f, ileri savunma savunma yap\u0131s\u0131 ise kalenin bat\u0131 taraf\u0131n\u0131 nehir boyunca sa\u011flamla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Akropolisin hemen kuzeyinde Roma agoras\u0131na h\u00e2kim olan \u00e7ok g\u00fczel bir tiyatro var. Bu alanda ayr\u0131ca, Xanthos’un arkeolojik manzaras\u0131na \u00f6zg\u00fc olan ve kal\u0131nt\u0131lardan ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc bir \u015fekilde y\u00fckselen ah\u015fap i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011fi taklit eden harika Likya mezar an\u0131tlar\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. Vespasian Kemeri g\u00fcneye, Helenistik Akropolis’e kuzeyden uzanan ikinci, daha karma\u015f\u0131k bir arkeolojik b\u00f6lge var. Hellenistik Agora ve Bizans kiliselerini i\u00e7eren kasaban\u0131n alt k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131,<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00d6te yandan Letoon, Likya vilayetinin eski federal tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131 ve Likya Kentler Birli\u011fi k\u00fclt merkeziydi. Sitede bulunan bir\u00e7ok yaz\u0131t\u0131n g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi gibi, federal kutsal, iktidar g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin t\u00fcm dini ve siyasi kararlar\u0131n\u0131n halka ilan edildi\u011fi yerdir. M.\u00d6. 337 y\u0131l\u0131na tarihlenen \u00fcnl\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7 dilli yaz\u0131t, Likya ve Yunanca metinlerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra bir Arama \u00f6zeti i\u00e7erir ve Apollo Tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131 yak\u0131n\u0131nda ke\u015ffedilmi\u015ftir. Letoon tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7 tap\u0131nak Leto, Artemis ve Apollo’ya adanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ek olarak, site, kutsal kabul edilen bir su kayna\u011f\u0131na dayanan Hadrian’a dayanan bir su perisi kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 da i\u00e7eriyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kriter (ii)<\/strong>\u00a0:\u00a0Xanthos-Letoon, kom\u015fu<\/a> illerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Patara, P\u0131nara ve Myra gibi ba\u015fl\u0131ca Likya antik kentlerinin mimarisini de do\u011frudan etkiledi.\u00a0Antik D\u00fcnyan\u0131n Yedi Harikas\u0131’ndan biri olarak s\u0131ralanan Halikarnas Mozolesi, Xanthos Nereid An\u0131t\u0131’ndan do\u011frudan etkilenmi\u015ftir.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kriter (iii)<\/strong> : Xanthos-Letoon, hem iki b\u00f6lgede bulunan bir\u00e7ok yaz\u0131ttan hem de m\u00fclk i\u00e7inde korunan ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc mezarl\u0131k an\u0131tlar\u0131ndan, Likya uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na istisnai bir tan\u0131kl\u0131k etmektedir. Likya dilinde en uzun ve en \u00f6nemli metinler Xanthos-Letoon’da bulundu. \u00c7o\u011fu kayaya ya da devasa monolitlere oyulmu\u015f yaz\u0131tlar\u0131n, bu e\u015fsiz ve uzun zamand\u0131r unutulmu\u015f Hint-Avrupa dilinin istisnai delilleri oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. Kaya sanat\u0131 mezarlar\u0131, s\u00fctun mezarlar\u0131 ve aya\u011fa monteli lahitler yeni bir mezar mimarisini temsil eder. Xanthos ve Letoon’daki zengin Likya mezarlar\u0131 dizisi, 6. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan itibaren Likya’da meydana gelen ard\u0131\u015f\u0131k k\u00fclt\u00fcrle\u015fme fenomenini tam olarak anlamam\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flar. <\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fck<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Yaz\u0131l\u0131 m\u00fclkiyet, \u00dcst\u00fcn Evrensel De\u011ferini ta\u015f\u0131yan temel an\u0131tlar ve arkeolojik kal\u0131nt\u0131lar ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere, gerekli t\u00fcm nitelikleri i\u00e7erir.\u00a0T\u00fcm bile\u015fenler b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde sa\u011flam kal\u0131r ve turizm<\/a> veya modern yerle\u015fim yerlerinin olumsuz etkilerinden etkilenmezler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bug\u00fcn, m\u00fclk\u00fcn b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc tehdit eden tek fakt\u00f6r, antik kenti uzun y\u0131llar ge\u00e7en asfalt yoldur.\u00a02004 y\u0131l\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren revize edilmi\u015f Mevzuat Kanunu \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde, K\u00fclt\u00fcrel Miras\u0131n<\/a> Korunmas\u0131 B\u00f6lge Konseyi bu yolu 2010 y\u0131l\u0131nda kapatmaya karar vermi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca, b\u00f6lgeyi ku\u015fatmak i\u00e7in tel \u00e7it kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0Bununla birlikte, bu \u00f6nlemler etkili bir \u015fekilde uygulanamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, m\u00fclk\u00fcn b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn art\u0131k etkilenmemesi i\u00e7in daha fazla \u00f6nlem al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.\u00a0Bunlar, Koruma Plan\u0131nda yap\u0131lan \u00f6nerilere g\u00f6re yolun yeniden y\u00f6nlendirilmesini i\u00e7erir.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n otantiklik<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Xanthos-Letoon, \u00f6zelliklerinin orijinalli\u011fini, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde m\u00fclk\u00fcn herhangi bir modern yerle\u015fim yerine olan mesafesinden dolay\u0131 korudu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Arkeolojik<\/a> kaz\u0131lar s\u0131ras\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan an\u0131tlar, tasar\u0131m ve yerle\u015fim a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6zg\u00fcnl\u00fcklerini etkilemeyen \u00f6nemli restorasyon ve konservasyon \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndan ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir.\u00a0En \u00f6nemli proje, 2000-2007 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda orjinal ortam\u0131nda Leto Tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n yeniden in\u015fas\u0131yd\u0131. 1950’lerden bu yana yap\u0131lan kaz\u0131lar s\u0131ras\u0131nda bulunan Leto Tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131’na ait mimari par\u00e7alar bu projenin ba\u015far\u0131yla tamamlanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0Erken H\u0131ristiyan Kilisesi ve an\u0131tsal nymphaeum’da baz\u0131 \u00f6nemli restorasyon, konservasyon ve konsolidasyon \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 da yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n Koruma ve y\u00f6netim gereksinimleri<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Xanthos Antik Kenti ve Letoon, 1. derece arkeolojik sit alan\u0131 olarak tescil edildi ve Ulusal Koruma Mevzuat\u0131na tabi. Yaz\u0131lan m\u00fclk ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00c7evre ve \u015eehircilik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n sorumlulu\u011fu alt\u0131nda olan \u201c\u00c7evre Koruma B\u00f6lgesi\u201d s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7indedir. B\u00f6lgesel Koruma Konseyi ve \u00d6zel \u00c7evre Koruma Ajans\u0131, 2001 y\u0131l\u0131nda Xantos i\u00e7in koruma plan\u0131n\u0131 onaylad\u0131 ve ilgili B\u00f6lgesel Koruma Konseyi, 2006 y\u0131l\u0131nda Letoon Koruma Plan\u0131n\u0131 onaylad\u0131. Her iki planlama arac\u0131 da uyguland\u0131 ve m\u00fclk\u00fcn y\u00f6netimi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Letoon tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131ndaki an\u0131tlar ve arkeolojik kal\u0131nt\u0131lar yeralt\u0131 su tablas\u0131n\u0131n mevsimsel y\u00fckseli\u015fi ile tehdit alt\u0131ndad\u0131r. 2006 y\u0131l\u0131nda kaz\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda su seviyesini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in su kanallar\u0131n\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131 ile azaltma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Letoon i\u00e7in bir ba\u015fka konu da, sitenin verimli al\u00fcvyal topraklar\u0131ndaki bir\u00e7ok sera taraf\u0131ndan yarat\u0131lan g\u00f6rsel kirliliktir. Xanthos’a gelince, sahadaki asfalt yol kesiminin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, tamamen ele al\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ek \u00f6nlemler gerektiriyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n K\u00fclt\u00fcr ve Turizm<\/a> Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00e7evre kontrol\u00fc ve an\u0131tlar\u0131n korunmas\u0131 da dahil olmak \u00fczere, m\u00fclk konular\u0131na de\u011finecek olan Xanthos ve Letoon i\u00e7in bir Peyzaj Projesinin haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0Bu proje \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde, Letoon sahas\u0131 rekreasyon ve gezinti alanlar\u0131 ile donat\u0131lacak.\u00a0Bu proje ayn\u0131 zamanda ziyaret\u00e7i y\u00f6netimi ile ilgili sorular\u0131 ele alacak, fark\u0131ndal\u0131k yaratma politikalar\u0131 geli\u015ftirecek ve hem yerel topluluklar\u0131 hem de ziyaret\u00e7ileri aktif olarak dahil etmeyi ama\u00e7layacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \n\nXanthos antik kenti Fethiye il\u00e7esine ba\u011fl\u0131 K\u0131n\u0131k k\u00f6y\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde yer al\u0131r. Fethiye-ka\u015f karayolunun 70 kmsinde ve Mu\u011fla Antalya s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131ndad\u0131r. KAYNAK : https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/en\/list\/484<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n Xanthos-Letoon Xanthos T\u00fcrkiye’nin modern tarihi, 1842’de \u0130ngiliz gezgin Charles Fellows’un ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131yla ba\u015flad\u0131. \u015eehrin kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131nda en iyi korunan heykel ve heykelleri toplayarak birka\u00e7 ay ge\u00e7irdi, Likya’n\u0131n ba\u015fkenti olan bu site, \u00f6zellikle mezarl\u0131k sanat\u0131nda Likya geleneklerinin ve Helenik etkinin harman\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Epigrafik yaz\u0131tlar, Likya halk\u0131n\u0131n tarihini ve Hint-Avrupa dilini anlamam\u0131z i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. K\u0131sa sentez Anadolu’nun […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3786,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[2154,2155,2163,2164,2162,2161,2157,2160,2156,2139,2158,2159],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kampuskod.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3783"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kampuskod.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kampuskod.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kampuskod.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kampuskod.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3783"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.kampuskod.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3783\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3795,"href":"https:\/\/www.kampuskod.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3783\/revisions\/3795"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kampuskod.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3786"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kampuskod.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3783"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kampuskod.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3783"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kampuskod.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3783"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.kampuskod.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Xanthos-Letoon.jpg\")
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<\/p>\n\n\n\nDi\u011fer Yaz\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 Okudunuz Mu<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
GEZ\u0130 REHBER\u0130 Truva Arkeolojik Sit Alan\u0131 \u2013 \u00c7anakkale<\/a><\/h6>\n\n\n\n
GEZ\u0130 REHBER\u0130 Ani antik kenti \u2013 KARS<\/a><\/h6>\n\n\n\n
GEZ\u0130 REHBER\u0130 Afrodisias \u2013 Aphrodisias Antik Kenti \u2013 AYDIN<\/a><\/h6>\n\n\n\n
Gezi Rehberi, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki Unesco D\u00fcnya Miras\u0131 Listesindeki Yerler.<\/a><\/h6>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"